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Wildfire Impact & Cross-Border Smoke
US and Canadian wildfire activity, and county-level US air quality
Nothing is isolated. Smoke from a wildfire doesn't check a map before it crosses a border -- in mid-July 2026, smoke from roughly 200 active Ontario wildfires plus fires in northeast Minnesota was pushed south into the US Great Lakes and Northeast, pushing air quality to "unhealthy" and "hazardous" readings in states with no fires of their own. The real evidence for that isn't a single number -- it's the pairing below: how much local wildfire activity a US state actually has, next to how bad its air quality actually got. Honest limitation: EPA's own official bulk air-quality dataset (AQS) has a real ~6-month processing lag -- its county-level data below is current through May 31, 2026, so it doesn't cover the July 2026 event yet. The table below it uses AirNow, a separate near-real-time EPA feed, to show the actual event directly.
The real event: worst PM2.5 readings, mid-July 2026
AirNow near-real-time AQI (not subject to EPA AQS's ~6-month bulk-processing lag) -- curated cities across the affected region plus a few unaffected control cities, so the contrast is real, not cherry-picked. Duluth, MN sits closest to the source fires in northeast Minnesota; Philadelphia shows the smoke reached well beyond the immediate Great Lakes region.
Reporting area State Date PM2.5 AQI Category
Duluth Area MN Jul 16, 2026 934 Hazardous
Duluth Area MN Jul 15, 2026 579 Hazardous
Southeast MI Jul 16, 2026 490 Hazardous
Milwaukee-Ozaukee WI Jul 16, 2026 355 Hazardous
Duluth Area MN Jul 17, 2026 301 Hazardous
Southeast MI Jul 17, 2026 282 Very Unhealthy
Milwaukee-Ozaukee WI Jul 17, 2026 252 Very Unhealthy
Philadelphia PA Jul 17, 2026 244 Very Unhealthy
Twin Cities MN Jul 16, 2026 231 Very Unhealthy
Southeast MI Jul 15, 2026 224 Very Unhealthy
Philadelphia PA Jul 16, 2026 214 Very Unhealthy
Western New York Region NY Jul 16, 2026 206 Very Unhealthy
Milwaukee-Ozaukee WI Jul 19, 2026 190 Unhealthy
New York City Region NY Jul 16, 2026 189 Unhealthy
Twin Cities MN Jul 15, 2026 187 Unhealthy
Western New York Region NY Jul 17, 2026 168 Unhealthy
Philadelphia PA Jul 18, 2026 167 Unhealthy
New York City Region NY Jul 18, 2026 158 Unhealthy
Milwaukee-Ozaukee WI Jul 18, 2026 158 Unhealthy
New York City Region NY Jul 17, 2026 155 Unhealthy
Western New York Region NY Jul 18, 2026 152 Unhealthy
New York City Region NY Jul 15, 2026 146 Unhealthy for Sensitive Groups
Hartford CT Jul 18, 2026 145 Unhealthy for Sensitive Groups
Hartford CT Jul 16, 2026 139 Unhealthy for Sensitive Groups
Southeast MI Jul 18, 2026 128 Unhealthy for Sensitive Groups
US wildfire activity, by state
NIFC/WFIGS, year-to-date. 7,551 total incidents on file.
State Incidents Acres burned
OR 405 2,354,937
NE 45 934,598
WA 574 912,311
UT 226 558,781
OK 410 485,279
ID 299 474,461
NV 315 404,806
TX 1,253 379,731
CA 310 358,962
CO 124 301,414
KS 39 158,483
MT 370 157,854
AK 149 139,230
NM 112 125,388
MN 377 85,713
FL 210 79,202
WY 317 63,891
AZ 136 63,346
GA 21 57,142
SD 186 56,568
MO 136 45,489
MS 158 27,228
LA 25 10,512
AR 69 8,326
AL 36 6,155
WI 481 5,462
IA 13 4,642
ND 119 4,132
NC 19 3,390
SC 19 3,196
MI 151 2,767
KY 37 2,524
MA 130 2,030
TN 12 990
VA 15 823
PR 39 764
HI 3 488
GU 9 434
PA 48 379
ME 75 349
IL 23 266
NH 22 194
WV 3 192
VT 4 180
MX-TM 1 113
NY 2 97
VI 5 81
MD 3 56
OH 5 42
NJ 6 32
RI 1 11
IN 2 8
DC 2 1
US air quality, worst reading by state
EPA AQS, county-level PM2.5. A state with a high AQI here but little wildfire activity above is a real candidate for imported smoke rather than domestic fire -- compare the two tables directly.
State Worst AQI on file Worst PM2.5 (µg/m³) Days with data
Texas 259 183.8 90
South Carolina 189 110.1 151
Ohio 180 96.6 151
Georgia 175 89.9 120
Colorado 165 76.1 121
Nebraska 162 70.9 151
Alabama 154 59.6 90
Florida 153 57.8 90
Kansas 148 54.5 90
California 146 53.9 151
Arizona 143 52.5 90
Kentucky 131 47.5 90
New Mexico 127 46.0 90
Oregon 125 45.3 120
Michigan 124 45.0 90
New York 119 42.7 151
Arkansas 118 42.5 90
Washington 116 41.5 59
Oklahoma 105 37.3 120
Puerto Rico 102 36.0 86
Mississippi 102 35.8 151
Utah 100 35.3 151
Alaska 99 35.0 90
Missouri 99 34.8 90
Iowa 98 34.4 151
Illinois 98 34.4 120
New Jersey 97 33.9 90
Country Of Mexico 95 32.6 90
Indiana 94 32.3 151
Wisconsin 92 31.2 90
Louisiana 92 31.0 151
Massachusetts 90 29.8 69
Pennsylvania 86 28.1 90
Idaho 86 28.1 151
North Carolina 85 27.3 151
Tennessee 84 26.8 120
South Dakota 83 26.3 90
West Virginia 82 25.6 90
Rhode Island 82 26.0 90
Virginia 82 26.0 132
Maryland 80 24.9 90
Maine 79 24.1 151
District Of Columbia 77 23.0 151
Vermont 75 21.9 90
Wyoming 73 21.1 120
Nevada 71 20.0 120
New Hampshire 69 19.0 90
North Dakota 68 18.3 110
Hawaii 57 12.3 120
Montana 29 5.2 112
Canadian wildfire hotspot detections, by day
CWFIS (Natural Resources Canada), real-time satellite detection -- 684,906 total detections on file. This is the source-side evidence for the smoke: real fire activity in Canada, dated, ahead of when it reaches the US-side air-quality data above.
Date Hotspot detections
Oct 2, 2026 381
Oct 1, 2026 1,473
Sep 30, 2026 1,937
Sep 29, 2026 1,907
Sep 28, 2026 2,028
Sep 27, 2026 683
Sep 26, 2026 734
Sep 25, 2026 1,345
Jul 31, 2026 15,872
Jul 30, 2026 11,157
Jul 29, 2026 11,746
Jul 28, 2026 11,594
Jul 27, 2026 12,802
Jul 26, 2026 19,088
Jul 25, 2026 21,017
Jul 24, 2026 30,795
Jul 23, 2026 35,112
Jul 22, 2026 30,789
Jul 21, 2026 29,549
Jul 20, 2026 18,719
Jul 19, 2026 22,896
Jul 18, 2026 28,400
Jul 17, 2026 25,930
Jul 16, 2026 52,466
Jul 15, 2026 75,650
Jul 14, 2026 46,214
Jul 13, 2026 16,123
Jul 12, 2026 8,838
Jul 11, 2026 9,635
Jul 10, 2026 6,135
Jul 9, 2026 17,325
Jul 8, 2026 24,441
Jul 7, 2026 18,864
Jul 6, 2026 14,177
Jul 5, 2026 7,395
Jul 4, 2026 13,505
Jul 3, 2026 25,327
Jul 2, 2026 5,918
Jul 1, 2026 6,939
Sources: NIFC/WFIGS (US wildfire perimeters), CWFIS/Natural Resources Canada (wildfire hotspot detections), EPA AQS (county-level PM2.5). See Why we don't know what we know and Hurricane & Tropical Storm Impact for the related hazard-data work.